Ideología política, sexismo ambivalente y estereotipos de género de estudiantes de ciencias e ingeniería de Lima Metropolitana
Date
2020-10-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar la relación entre el sexismo ambivalente, la
ideología política y los estereotipos de género en estudiantes de ciencias e ingeniería. Para
dicho fin, se realizó una investigación mixta. El primer estudio fue de carácter cualitativo y,
a través de entrevistas, se exploraron los estereotipos de género presentes en las carreras de
ciencias e ingeniería. Los resultados evidencian que los espacios de ciencias e ingeniería son
desafiantes para las mujeres, debido a que se mantiene una visión basada en los roles de
género mediante la cual se promueve la masculinidad tradicional y el rechazo a la feminidad.
Por tanto, sus capacidades son cuestionadas y su presencia no es aceptada totalmente. Cabe
señalar que, a partir de la información recogida, se elaboró una escala sobre los estereotipos
en los ámbitos de ciencias e ingeniería. El segundo estudio fue cuantitativo (N=160) mediante
el cual se analizó la relación entre el sexismo ambivalente, la ideología política y los
estereotipos de género asociados a ciencias e ingeniería. Se obtuvo que las variables se
relacionan de forma directa y tanto el autoritarismo de ala derecha como los estereotipos de
género en ciencias e ingeniería poseen un efecto en los niveles de sexismo ambivalente.
Asimismo, se observó que las variables tienen un impacto distinto sobre los componentes del
sexismo ambivalente.
The research aimed to explore the relationship between ambivalent sexism, political ideology, and gender stereotypes in science and engineering students. Therefore, a mixed investigation was conducted. The first study was qualitative and, through interviews, the gender stereotypes in science and engineering careers were explored. The results show that science and engineering spaces are challenging for women, because a vision based on gender roles is maintained through traditional masculinity and the rejection of femininity are promoted. Therefore, their capabilities are questioned and their presence is not fully accepted. Based on the information collected, a scale of gender stereotypes in the fields of science and engineering was developed. The second study was quantitative (N = 160) by which the relationship between ambivalent sexism, political ideology and gender stereotypes associated with science and engineering was analyzed. It was found that the variables are directly related and both right-wing authoritarianism and gender stereotypes in science and engineering have an effect on the levels of ambivalent sexism. Furthermore, it was observed that the variables have a different impact on the components of ambivalent sexism.
The research aimed to explore the relationship between ambivalent sexism, political ideology, and gender stereotypes in science and engineering students. Therefore, a mixed investigation was conducted. The first study was qualitative and, through interviews, the gender stereotypes in science and engineering careers were explored. The results show that science and engineering spaces are challenging for women, because a vision based on gender roles is maintained through traditional masculinity and the rejection of femininity are promoted. Therefore, their capabilities are questioned and their presence is not fully accepted. Based on the information collected, a scale of gender stereotypes in the fields of science and engineering was developed. The second study was quantitative (N = 160) by which the relationship between ambivalent sexism, political ideology and gender stereotypes associated with science and engineering was analyzed. It was found that the variables are directly related and both right-wing authoritarianism and gender stereotypes in science and engineering have an effect on the levels of ambivalent sexism. Furthermore, it was observed that the variables have a different impact on the components of ambivalent sexism.
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Keywords
Sexismo, Estereotipo (Psicología), Rol sexual, Estudiantes universitarios--Investigaciones
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