Control de constitucionalidad y garantía de derechos fundamentales frente a la potestad presupuestaria del Estado en el Perú
Date
2025-03-31
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo general, contribuir a la reflexión
constitucional sobre la justificación y alcance de la actuación de los jueces y juezas
constitucionales para controlar la potestad presupuestaria del Estado con la
finalidad de garantizar derechos fundamentales. En tal sentido, busca cuestionar
las razones presupuestarias como absolutos frente a los derechos, y pretende
aportar a desarrollar una línea de argumentación jurídico-constitucional
orientada a fortalecer la efectividad del dicho control de constitucionalidad en el
Perú.
La metodología que utiliza la tesis es de naturaleza dogmático- jurídica, en la
medida en que su objeto de estudio y análisis se enfoca en la jurisprudencia
constitucional establecida por el Tribunal Constitucional del Perú, sobre la
relación entre derechos fundamentales y Constitución presupuestaria. El análisis
crítico de la jurisprudencia se enmarca en una teoría postpositivista del derecho,
en el derecho constitucional presupuestario, el derecho internacional de derechos
humanos en materia de derechos y presupuesto, la jurisprudencia constitucional
comparada alemana, española y colombiana, y la investigación aplicada de
organizaciones especializadas de la sociedad civil y la academia.
Una de las conclusiones principales a las que arriba la investigación es que el
Tribunal Constitucional peruano se ha desarrollado como un juez constitucional
tendencialmente activo, compatible con una concepción postpositivista del
derecho y respetuoso del marco jurídico definido por la Constitución peruana en
materia de derechos fundamentales y presupuesto público. Esta tendencia
debería consolidarse, extenderse y profundizarse a través de una intensificación
de la constitucionalización del derecho presupuestario, del desarrollo de las
técnicas del análisis presupuestario, así como de su compromiso con los valores
y principios del Estado constitucional, la dimensión social de este paradigma, los
derechos fundamentales y la justicia del gasto público.
The general objective of this research is to contribute to constitutional reflection on the justification and scope of the actions of constitutional judges to control the budgetary powers of the State with the aim of guaranteeing fundamental rights. In this sense, it seeks to criticize whether budgetary reasons absolutely prevail over human rights., and aims to contribute to development a line of legalconstitutional argumentation aimed at strengthening the effectiveness of this control of constitutionality in Peru. The methodology used in the thesis is a dogmatic-legal one, insofar as its object of study and analysis focuses on the constitutional jurisprudence established by the Peruvian Constitutional Court on the relationship between fundamental rights and the budget Constitution. The critical analysis of the jurisprudence is framed within a post-positivist theory of law, constitutional budget law, international human rights law on rights and budgets, comparative German, Spanish and Colombian constitutional jurisprudence, and the applied research of specialised civil society and academic organisations. One of the main conclusions reached by the research is that the Peruvian Constitutional Court has developed as a tendentially active constitutional judge, compatible with a post-positivist conception of law and respectful of the legal framework defined by the Peruvian Constitution in terms of fundamental rights and the public budget. This tendency should be consolidated, extended and deepened through an intensification of the constitutionalisation of budget law, the development of budget analysis techniques, as well as its commitment to the values and principles of the constitutional state, the social dimension of this paradigm, fundamental rights and the justice of public spending.
The general objective of this research is to contribute to constitutional reflection on the justification and scope of the actions of constitutional judges to control the budgetary powers of the State with the aim of guaranteeing fundamental rights. In this sense, it seeks to criticize whether budgetary reasons absolutely prevail over human rights., and aims to contribute to development a line of legalconstitutional argumentation aimed at strengthening the effectiveness of this control of constitutionality in Peru. The methodology used in the thesis is a dogmatic-legal one, insofar as its object of study and analysis focuses on the constitutional jurisprudence established by the Peruvian Constitutional Court on the relationship between fundamental rights and the budget Constitution. The critical analysis of the jurisprudence is framed within a post-positivist theory of law, constitutional budget law, international human rights law on rights and budgets, comparative German, Spanish and Colombian constitutional jurisprudence, and the applied research of specialised civil society and academic organisations. One of the main conclusions reached by the research is that the Peruvian Constitutional Court has developed as a tendentially active constitutional judge, compatible with a post-positivist conception of law and respectful of the legal framework defined by the Peruvian Constitution in terms of fundamental rights and the public budget. This tendency should be consolidated, extended and deepened through an intensification of the constitutionalisation of budget law, the development of budget analysis techniques, as well as its commitment to the values and principles of the constitutional state, the social dimension of this paradigm, fundamental rights and the justice of public spending.
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Keywords
Derecho constitucional--Legislación--Perú, Control constitucional--Legislación--Perú, Garantías constitucionales--Legislación--Perú, Derechos fundamentales--Legislación--Perú, Derechos fundamentales--Legislación--Alemania, Derechos fundamentales--Legislación--España, Derechos fundamentales--Legislación--Colombia
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