Obsequios arquitectónicos del Centenario de la Independencia del Perú: El indicio de una nueva política urbana en Lima
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Esta investigación tiene como propósito identificar los cambios que se generan en el
aspecto urbano a partir de los obsequios arquitectónicos hechos por las comunidades de
países extranjeros que residían en el país, por el centenario de la independencia del Perú.
Como parte del plan de gobierno de Augusto B. Leguía (1919-1930), denominado la
Patria Nueva, se buscaba que Lima comience su proceso de modernización para ponerse
a la par de las otras capitales latinoamericanas, de modo que los obsequios contribuían a
la causa adornando las calles de Lima.
Se presentan cuatro casos de estudio, la Torre del Reloj – localizada en el eje de la Av.
La Colmena; el Museo de Arte Italiano, el Arco Morisco y el Estadio Nacional –
localizados en el Barrio de Santa Beatriz. A partir de la integración de los monumentos a
la ciudad, el tejido urbano presentó modificaciones, los flujos de transporte cambiaron,
se crearon y ampliaron avenidas, que hasta la actualidad son ejes viales que atraviesan
Lima de este a oeste. En el presente artículo se revisará como la trama urbana de la capital
ha evolucionado e incorporado los monumentos como referentes en el espacio público. A
partir de la investigación, se concluye que los monumentos construidos como obsequios
fueron determinantes para la consolidación del espacio público, sin ellos la ocupación,
flujo de personas y transporte se hubieran focalizado en otras zonas de Lima. Los nuevos
monumentos aportaron al proyecto para convertir a Lima en una capital moderna del
siglo XX.
The purpose of this research is to identify the changes that are generated in the urban aspect considering the architectural gifts made by the communities of foreign countries that resided in Peru, for the centenary of the independence in 1921. As part of the government plan of Augusto B. Leguía (1919-1930), called Patria Nueva, it was intended that Lima will begin its modernization process to catch up with the other Latin American capitals. And the gifts contributed to the cause, adorning the streets of Lima. Four case studies are presented: The Clock Tower - located on the axis of Av. La Colmena; the Italian Art Museum, the Moorish Arch and the National Stadium - located in the Santa Beatriz neighborhood. From the integration of the monuments to the city, the urban fabric presented modifications, the transport flows changed, avenues were created and expanded, which until today are road axes that cross Lima from east to west. This article will review how the urban fabric of the capital has evolved and incorporated monuments as references in public spaces. From the investigation, it is concluded that the monuments built as gifts were decisive for the consolidation of public space, without them the occupation, flow of people and transportation would have focused on other areas of Lima. The new monuments contributed to the project to turn Lima into a modern capital of the 20th century.
The purpose of this research is to identify the changes that are generated in the urban aspect considering the architectural gifts made by the communities of foreign countries that resided in Peru, for the centenary of the independence in 1921. As part of the government plan of Augusto B. Leguía (1919-1930), called Patria Nueva, it was intended that Lima will begin its modernization process to catch up with the other Latin American capitals. And the gifts contributed to the cause, adorning the streets of Lima. Four case studies are presented: The Clock Tower - located on the axis of Av. La Colmena; the Italian Art Museum, the Moorish Arch and the National Stadium - located in the Santa Beatriz neighborhood. From the integration of the monuments to the city, the urban fabric presented modifications, the transport flows changed, avenues were created and expanded, which until today are road axes that cross Lima from east to west. This article will review how the urban fabric of the capital has evolved and incorporated monuments as references in public spaces. From the investigation, it is concluded that the monuments built as gifts were decisive for the consolidation of public space, without them the occupation, flow of people and transportation would have focused on other areas of Lima. The new monuments contributed to the project to turn Lima into a modern capital of the 20th century.
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Espacios públicos--Aspectos culturales--Perú--Lima, Planificación urbana--Perú--Lima, Urbanismo--Aspectos culturales--Perú--Lima
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