La relación entre innovación y desempeño en las Mipymes de países emergentes en América Latina
Date
2023-06-09
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En un contexto global de cambio e incertidumbre, la capacidad de innovación es clave
para el desarrollo sostenido. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar empíricamente la
relación entre la innovación y el desempeño empresarial de las Mipymes en países
emergentes de América Latina y estudiar el papel moderador de la inversión y la
colaboración en esta relación. La muestra de 104 Mipymes del sector textil de fabricación
de prendas de vestir de Perú y Colombia, es analizada con la estrategia explicativa
secuencial del diseño de métodos mixtos: en fase cuantitativa con el modelo de ecuaciones
estructurales (PLS-SEM) y en fase cualitativa a través del análisis temático de contenido y
software Atlas.ti.22. Los resultados muestran que la Innovación de Producto sólo
contribuye al Desempeño Comercial y Desempeño Económico, no existiendo predicción
significativa sobre el Desempeño Organizacional y Productivo. La Innovación de Proceso
de Negocio es predictor significativo del Desempeño empresarial, destacando que el 63%
de Mipymes encuestadas han introducido nuevos métodos de producción o ingeniería,
procesos de marketing y ventas, desarrollo de producto y diseño con impacto en la propia
empresa. La moderación que la Inversión ejerce sobre la relación entre la Innovación y el
Desempeño empresarial sólo tuvo significancia para el Desempeño Organizacional y
Productivo y con respecto al efecto moderador de la Colaboración en la relación entre
Innovación y Desempeño empresarial, en el análisis cuantitativo no se obtuvo una
predicción significativa, resultado soportado por las encuestas, donde el 62.98% de las
Mipymes nunca recibió apoyo de otros actores para el desarrollo de actividades de
innovación. La aplicación de los hallazgos de este estudio contribuirá a la propuesta de
políticas públicas que promuevan la colaboración entre actores del ecosistema de
innovación, así como de estrategias de inversión para el desarrollo de la innovación en
países emergentes.
In a global context of change and uncertainty, innovation capacity is key to sustained development. The objective of this study is to empirically analyze the relationship between innovation and firm performance of MSMEs in emerging Latin American countries and to study the moderating role of investment and collaboration in this relationship. The sample of 104 MSMEs in the textile sector of apparel manufacturing in Peru and Colombia, is analyzed with the sequential explanatory strategy of mixed methods design: in quantitative phase with structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and in qualitative phase through thematic content analysis and Atlas.ti.22 software. The results show that Product Innovation only contributes to Commercial Performance and Economic Performance, with no significant prediction on Organizational and Productive Performance. Business Process Innovation is a significant predictor of Firm Performance, highlighting that 63% of MSMEs surveyed have introduced new production or engineering methods, marketing and sales processes, product development and design with an impact on the firm itself. The moderating effect of Investment on the relationship between Innovation and Firm Performance was only significant for Organizational and Productive Performance, and with respect to the moderating effect of Collaboration on the relationship between Innovation and Firm Performance, in the quantitative analysis no significant prediction was obtained, a result supported by the surveys, where 62.98% of the MSMEs never received support from other actors for the development of innovation activities. The application of the findings of this study will contribute to the proposal of public policies that promote collaboration between actors of the innovation ecosystem, as well as investment strategies for the development of innovation in emerging countries.
In a global context of change and uncertainty, innovation capacity is key to sustained development. The objective of this study is to empirically analyze the relationship between innovation and firm performance of MSMEs in emerging Latin American countries and to study the moderating role of investment and collaboration in this relationship. The sample of 104 MSMEs in the textile sector of apparel manufacturing in Peru and Colombia, is analyzed with the sequential explanatory strategy of mixed methods design: in quantitative phase with structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and in qualitative phase through thematic content analysis and Atlas.ti.22 software. The results show that Product Innovation only contributes to Commercial Performance and Economic Performance, with no significant prediction on Organizational and Productive Performance. Business Process Innovation is a significant predictor of Firm Performance, highlighting that 63% of MSMEs surveyed have introduced new production or engineering methods, marketing and sales processes, product development and design with an impact on the firm itself. The moderating effect of Investment on the relationship between Innovation and Firm Performance was only significant for Organizational and Productive Performance, and with respect to the moderating effect of Collaboration on the relationship between Innovation and Firm Performance, in the quantitative analysis no significant prediction was obtained, a result supported by the surveys, where 62.98% of the MSMEs never received support from other actors for the development of innovation activities. The application of the findings of this study will contribute to the proposal of public policies that promote collaboration between actors of the innovation ecosystem, as well as investment strategies for the development of innovation in emerging countries.
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Keywords
Prendas de vestir--Perú, Prendas de vestir--Colombia, Prendas de vestir--América Latina, Pequeñas empresas--Perú, Pequeñas empresas--Colombia, Pequeñas empresas--América Latina, Industria textil--Perú--Administración, Industria textil--Colombia--Administración
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