¿Y si el AIR fuera obligatorio para las municipalidades? Una cuestión sobre los beneficios del AIR y su posible obligatoriedad
Date
2025-03-14
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Abstract
El presente trabajo tiene como principal misión justificar la obligatoriedad del
Análisis de Impacto Regulatorio (AIR) en el ejercicio de la potestad normativa de
las municipalidades en el Perú. Para ello, se presenta al AIR como un
instrumento de la doctrina de la mejora regulatoria o better regulation y cómo ha
incidido en el ámbito legislativo en el Perú hasta la emisión del Decreto
Legislativo 1565 – Ley General de Mejora de Calidad Regulatoria. Luego, se
analiza una problemática histórica, la cual recae en el déficit de calidad normativa
que caracteriza al ámbito municipal y que se sustrae de la experiencia de la
implementación del régimen de prevención y eliminación de barreras
burocráticas. En base a esta experiencia, observaremos que existen una serie
de posibles cuestionamientos que podrían contradecir la propuesta de
obligatoriedad del AIR en el ámbito municipal, los cuales se basan en la
autonomía municipal brindada a las municipalidades y las limitaciones
cuantitativas del ente rector que asuma la labor de supervisar el AIR en el ámbito
municipal. Elaborar contrargumentos a estas posibles razones, permitirá brindar
solidez a la propuesta sostenida y sobre la base de ello advertir algunos cambios
normativos en múltiples normas que puedan hacer posible la obligatoriedad del
AIR en el ámbito municipal.
The main mission of this article is to justify the mandatory nature of the Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) in the exercise of the regulatory power of municipalities in Peru. To this end, the RIA is presented as an instrument of the doctrine of better regulation and how it has influenced the legislative field in Peru until the issuance of Legislative Decree 1565 – General Law for the Improvement of Regulatory Quality. Then, a historical problem is analyzed, which lies in the deficit of regulatory quality that characterizes the normative stock of municipalities and that is removed from the experience of the implementation of the prevention regime and elimination of bureaucratic barriers. Based on this experience, we will observe that there are a series of possible questions that could contradict the proposal of making the RIA mandatory on municipal acts, which are based on the municipal autonomy provided to the municipalities and the quantitative limitations of the government entity that assumes the responsibility of supervising the RIA on municipalities. Developing counterarguments to these possible reasons will provide solidity to the sustained proposal and advertise some regulatory changes in multiple acts of Perú that may make the RIA mandatory on municipalities.
The main mission of this article is to justify the mandatory nature of the Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) in the exercise of the regulatory power of municipalities in Peru. To this end, the RIA is presented as an instrument of the doctrine of better regulation and how it has influenced the legislative field in Peru until the issuance of Legislative Decree 1565 – General Law for the Improvement of Regulatory Quality. Then, a historical problem is analyzed, which lies in the deficit of regulatory quality that characterizes the normative stock of municipalities and that is removed from the experience of the implementation of the prevention regime and elimination of bureaucratic barriers. Based on this experience, we will observe that there are a series of possible questions that could contradict the proposal of making the RIA mandatory on municipal acts, which are based on the municipal autonomy provided to the municipalities and the quantitative limitations of the government entity that assumes the responsibility of supervising the RIA on municipalities. Developing counterarguments to these possible reasons will provide solidity to the sustained proposal and advertise some regulatory changes in multiple acts of Perú that may make the RIA mandatory on municipalities.
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Autonomía municipal--Perú, Ordenanzas municipales--Perú, Obligaciones (Derecho)--Perú
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