El teatro de la negociación en la mesa de diálogo de la provincia de Caylloma-Arequipa para resolver los conflictos por los proyectos de desarrollo implementados por el Estado
Date
2023-05-30
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Las mesas de diálogo han sido promovidas por un mandato internacional con el fin de
solucionar los conflictos sociales originados por proyectos de desarrollo, como un
procedimiento estricto, binario y estático de negociación económica con las poblaciones
locales. La presente investigación analiza el caso de estudio de la Mesa de Diálogo de la
provincia de Caylloma (MDPC), en la región Arequipa, como un teatro de la negociación,
donde tanto los representantes del gobierno central y regional como las organizaciones
locales y la Municipalidad Provincial de Caylloma escenifican el poder. La principal
característica de esta mesa de diálogo es que los objetivos explícitos no responden a la
agenda interna de negociación, la cual está conectada a la dinámica del contexto externo
que se clasificó en tres fases: preelectoral (agosto a setiembre de 2018), postelectoral
(octubre y noviembre de 2018) y cambio de mando (diciembre de 2018). Por un lado, el
gobierno central y el gobierno regional tienen el objetivo subyacente de imponer su poder
con la finalidad de ganar tiempo para garantizar la continuidad de los proyectos de
desarrollo, entrampar la negociación económica y dar muestras de su poder sobre las
poblaciones locales. Por otro lado, población local presentó diferentes objetivos
subyacentes no unificados de resistencia, negociación y propaganda electoral del partido
político Unidos por el Gran Cambio (UPGC), entre otros, que variaron con las fases
contextuales. Se concluye que la MDPC no solo es un lugar de resistencia y negociación,
sino que cumple también objetivos subyacentes que responden a un espacio externo
contingente no planificado. En la escenificación del poder, se disputa el marco de
interacción que se mantiene en constante cambio, por medio del despliegue de estrategias
contingentes y tácticas de interacción sobre los elementos del teatro que se caracterizan
por un escenario dinámico (interno, externo y glocal), espec-actores y un libreto
intermitente.
The roundtables have been promoted by an international mandate in order to solve social conflicts caused by development projects, as a strict, binary, and static procedure for economic negotiation with local populations. The present research analyzes the case study of the roundtable in Caylloma Province (MDPC), in the Arequipa region. This space of dialogue was analyzed as theater of negotiation, where both, the representatives of the central and regional government as well as local organizations and the Provincial Municipality of Caylloma, impose their power. The main characteristic of this roundtable is that the explicit objectives do not respond to the internal negotiation agenda, which is connected to the dynamics of the external context that was classified into three phases: pre-electoral (August to September 2018), post-electoral (October and November 2018) and change of command (December 2018). On the one hand, the central and regional government have the underlying objective of imposing their power, in order to spent time to guarantee the continuity of development projects, trap economic negotiations and show their power over local populations. On the other hand, the local population articulated different unified underlying objectives of resistance, negotiation and electoral propaganda of the Unidos por el Gran Gambio (UPGC) political party, among others, which varied with the contextual phases. The main conclusion is that the MDPC is not only a place of resistance and negotiation, but also fulfills underlying objectives that respond to an unplanned contingent external space. In the imposition of power, the framework of interaction, that is constantly changing, is disputed through the deployment of contingent strategies and interaction tactics on the elements of the theater that are characterized by a dynamic scenario (internal, external and glocal), spec-actors and an intermittent script.
The roundtables have been promoted by an international mandate in order to solve social conflicts caused by development projects, as a strict, binary, and static procedure for economic negotiation with local populations. The present research analyzes the case study of the roundtable in Caylloma Province (MDPC), in the Arequipa region. This space of dialogue was analyzed as theater of negotiation, where both, the representatives of the central and regional government as well as local organizations and the Provincial Municipality of Caylloma, impose their power. The main characteristic of this roundtable is that the explicit objectives do not respond to the internal negotiation agenda, which is connected to the dynamics of the external context that was classified into three phases: pre-electoral (August to September 2018), post-electoral (October and November 2018) and change of command (December 2018). On the one hand, the central and regional government have the underlying objective of imposing their power, in order to spent time to guarantee the continuity of development projects, trap economic negotiations and show their power over local populations. On the other hand, the local population articulated different unified underlying objectives of resistance, negotiation and electoral propaganda of the Unidos por el Gran Gambio (UPGC) political party, among others, which varied with the contextual phases. The main conclusion is that the MDPC is not only a place of resistance and negotiation, but also fulfills underlying objectives that respond to an unplanned contingent external space. In the imposition of power, the framework of interaction, that is constantly changing, is disputed through the deployment of contingent strategies and interaction tactics on the elements of the theater that are characterized by a dynamic scenario (internal, external and glocal), spec-actors and an intermittent script.
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Negociación--Perú--Caylloma (Arequipa : Provincia)., Conflicto social--Perú--Caylloma (Arequipa : Provincia)., Solución de conflictos--Perú--Caylloma (Arequipa : Provincia).
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