PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL PERÚ FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS E INGENIERÍA ANEXOS Lima, julio del 2015 INDICE 1. Hoja de datos del microcontrolador Atmega 8. 2. Hoja de datos del sensor de humedad DHT22/AM2302. 3. Hoja de datos electroválvula. 4. Hoja de datos motor. 5. Diagrama de flujo del programa. 6. Código del programa. 7. Panel de control y diagrama de Bloques de la interfaz de usuario en LabVIEW. 8. Diagramas esquemático y de pistas de los circuitos. Temperature and humidity module AM2302 Product Manual www.aosong.com Aosong(Guangzhou) Electronics Co.,Ltd. TEL：020-36042809 / 36380552 www.aosong.com - 1 - 1、Product Overview AM2302 capacitive humidity sensing digital temperature and humidity module is one that contains the compound has been calibrated digital signal output of the temperature and humidity sensors. Application of a dedicated digital modules collection technology and the temperature and humidity sensing technology, to ensure that the product has high reliability and excellent long-term stability. The sensor includes a capacitive sensor wet components and a high-precision temperature measurement devices, and connected with a high-performance 8-bit microcontroller. The product has excellent quality, fast response, strong anti-jamming capability, and high cost. Each sensor is extremely accurate humidity calibration chamber calibration. The form of procedures, the calibration coefficients stored in the microcontroller, the sensor within the processing of the heartbeat to call these calibration coefficients. Standard single-bus interface, system integration quick and easy. Small size, low power consumption, signal transmission distance up to 20 meters, making it the best choice of all kinds of applications and even the most demanding applications. Products for the 3-lead (single-bus interface) connection convenience. Special packages according to user needs. Physical map Dimensions (unit: mm) 2、Applications HVAC, dehumidifier, testing and inspection equipment, consumer goods, automotive, automatic control, data loggers, home appliances, humidity regulator, medical, weather stations, and other humidity measurement and control and so on. 3、Features Ultra-low power, the transmission distance, fully automated calibration, the use of capacitive humidity sensor, completely interchangeable, standard digital single-bus output, excellent long-term stability, high accuracy temperature measurement devices. Aosong(Guangzhou) Electronics Co.,Ltd. TEL：020-36042809 / 36380552 www.aosong.com - 2 - 4、The definition of single-bus interface 4.1 AM2302 Pin assignments Table 1： AM2302 Pin assignments Pin Name Description ① VDD Power (3.3V-5.5V) ② SDA Serial data, bidirectional port ③ NC Empty ④ GND Ground PIC1： AM2302 Pin Assignment 4.2 Power supply pins（VDD GND） AM2302 supply voltage range 3.3V - 5.5V, recommended supply voltage is 5V. 4.3 Serial data（SDA） SDA pin is tri structure for reading, writing sensor data. Specific communication timing, see the detailed description of the communication protocol. 5、Sensor performance 5.1 Relative humidity Table 2： AM2302 Relative humidity performance table Parameter Condition min typ max Unit Resolution 0.1 %RH Range 0 99.9 %RH Accuracy [1] 25℃ ±2 %RH Repeatability ±0.3 %RH Exchange Completely interchangeable Response [2] 1/e(63%) <5 S Sluggish <0.3 %RH Drift [3] Typical <0.5 %RH/yr Pic2: At25℃ The error of relative humidity Pic3：The maximum temperature error 5.2 Temperature Table 3： AM2302 Relative temperature performance Parameter Condition min typ max Unit Resolutio n 0.1 ℃ 16 bit Accuracy ±0.5 ±1 ℃ Range -40 80 ℃ Repeat ±0.2 ℃ Exchange Completely interchangeable Response 1/e(63%) <10 S Drift ±0.3 ℃/yr Aosong(Guangzhou) Electronics Co.,Ltd. TEL：020-36042809 / 36380552 www.aosong.com - 3 - 6、Electrical Characteristics Electrical characteristics, such as energy consumption, high, low, input, output voltage, depending on the power supply. Table 4 details the electrical characteristics of the AM2302, if not identified, said supply voltage of 5V. To get the best results with the sensor, please design strictly in accordance with the conditions of design in Table 4. Table 4： AM2302 DC Characteristics Parameter Condition min typ max Unit Voltage 3.3 5 5.5 V Power consumption [4] Dormancy 10 15 µA Measuring 500 µA Average 300 µA Low level output voltage IOL[5] 0 300 mV High output voltage Rp<25 kΩ 90% 100% VDD Low input voltage Decline 0 30% VDD Input High Voltage Rise 70% 100% VDD Rpu[6] VDD = 5V VIN = VSS 30 45 60 kΩ Output current turn on 8 mA turn off 10 20 µA Sampling period 2 S 7、Single-bus communication（ONE-WIRE） 7.1 Typical circuits for single bus Microprocessor and AM2302 connection typical application circuit is shown in Figure 4. Single bus communication mode, pull the SDA microprocessor I / O port is connected. Special instructions of the single-bus communication： 1．Typical application circuit recommended in the short cable length of 30 meters on the 5.1K pull-up resistor pullup resistor according to the actual situation of lower than 30 m. 2．With 3.3V supply voltage, cable length shall not be greater than 100cm. Otherwise, the line voltage drop will lead to the sensor power supply, resulting in measurement error. 3．Read the sensor minimum time interval for the 2S; read interval is less than 2S, may cause the temperature and humidity are not allowed or communication is unsuccessful, etc.. 4．Temperature and humidity values are each read out the results of the last measurement For real-time data that need continuous read twice, we recommend repeatedly to read sensors, and each read sensor interval is greater than 2 seconds to obtain accuratethe data. [1] the accuracy of the factory inspection, the sensor 25°C and 5V, the accuracy specification of test conditions, it does not include hysteresis and nonlinearity, and is only suitable for non-condensing environment. [2] to achieve an order of 63% of the time required under the conditions of 25℃ and 1m / s airflow. [3] in the volatile organic compounds, the values may be higher. See the manual application to store information. [4] this value at VDD = 5.0V when the temperature is 25℃ , 2S / time, under the conditions of the average. [5] low output current. [6] that the pull-up resistor. Aosong(Guangzhou) Electronics Co.,Ltd. TEL：020-36042809 / 36380552 www.aosong.com - 4 - Pic4： AM2302 Typical circuits for single bus 7.2、Single-bus communication protocol ◎Single bus Description AM2302 device uses a simplified single-bus communication. Single bus that only one data line, data exchange system, controlled by the data line to complete. Equipment (microprocessor) through an open-drain or tri-state port connected to the data line to allow the device does not send data to release the bus, while other devices use the bus; single bus usually require an external about 5.1kΩ pull-up resistor, so when the bus is idle, its status is high. Because they are the master-slave structure, only the host calls the sensor, the sensor will answer, so the hosts to access the sensor must strictly follow the sequence of single bus, if there is a sequence of confusion, the sensor will not respond to the host. ◎Single bus to send data definition SDA For communication and synchronization between the microprocessor and the AM2302, single-bus data format, a transmission of 40 data, the high first-out. Specific communication timing shown in Figure 5, the communication format is depicted in Table 5. Pic5： AM2302 Single-bus communication protocol Aosong(Guangzhou) Electronics Co.,Ltd. TEL：020-36042809 / 36380552 www.aosong.com - 5 - Table 5：AM2302 Communication format specifier Name Single-bus format definition Start signal Microprocessor data bus (SDA) to bring down a period of time (at least 800μ s) [1] notify the sensor to prepare the data. Response signal Sensor data bus (SDA) is pulled down to 80μ s, followed by high-80μ s response to host the start signal. Data format Host the start signal is received, the sensor one-time string from the data bus (SDA) 40 data, the high first-out. Humidity Humidity resolution of 16Bit, the previous high; humidity sensor string value is 10 times the actual humidity values. Temp. Temperature resolution of 16Bit, the previous high; temperature sensor string value is 10 times the actual temperature value; The temperature is the highest bit (Bit15) is equal to 1 indicates a negative temperature, the temperature is the highest bit (Bit15) is equal to 0 indicates a positive temperature; Temperature in addition to the most significant bit (Bit14 ~ bit 0) temperature values. Parity bit Parity bit = humidity high + humidity low + temperature high + temperature low ◎Single-bus data calculation example Example 1：40 Data received： 0000 0010 1001 0010 0000 0001 0000 1101 1010 0010 High humidity 8 Low humidity 8 High temp. 8 Low temp. 8 Parity bit Calculate： 0000 0010+1001 0010 +0000 0001+0000 1101= 1010 0010（Parity bit） Received data is correct： humidity：0000 0010 1001 0010 = 0292H (Hexadecimal)= 2×256 + 9×16 + 2 = 658 => Humidity = 65.8%RH Temp.：0000 0001 0000 1101 = 10DH(Hexadecimal) = 1×256 + 0×16 + 13 = 269 => Temp.= 26.9℃ ◎Special Instructions： When the temperature is below 0 ℃, the highest position of the temperature data. Example： -10.1 ℃ Expressed as 1 000 0000 0110 0101 Temp.：0000 0000 0110 0101 = 0065H(Hexadecimal)＝ 6×16 +5 = 101 => Temp. ＝ -10.1℃ Example 2：40 received data： 0000 0010 1001 0010 0000 0001 0000 1101 1011 0010 High humidity 8 Low humidity 8 High temp. 8 Low temp. 8 Parity bit Calculate： 0000 0010+1001 0010 +0000 0001+0000 1101= 1010 0010 ≠ 1011 0010 （Validation error） The received data is not correct, give up, to re-receive data. Aosong(Guangzhou) Electronics Co.,Ltd. TEL：020-36042809 / 36380552 www.aosong.com - 6 - 7.3 Single-bus communication timing User host (MCU) to send a start signal (data bus SDA line low for at least 800μ s) after AM2302 from Sleep mode conversion to high-speed mode.The host began to signal the end of the AM2302 send a response signal sent from the data bus SDA serial 40Bit's data, sends the byte high; data sent is followed by: Humidity high、 Humidity low、Temperature high、Temperature low、Parity bit，Send data to the end of trigger information collection, the collection end of the sensor is automatically transferred to the sleep mode, the advent until the next communication. Detailed timing signal characteristics in Table 6，Single-bus communication timing diagram Pic 6： Pic 6：AM2302 Single-bus communication timing Note: the temperature and humidity data read by the host from the AM2302 is always the last measured value, such as the two measurement interval is very long, continuous read twice to the second value of real-time temperature and humidity values, while two readtake minimum time interval be 2S. Table 6: Single bus signal characteristics Symbol Parameter min typ max Unit Tbe Host the start signal down time 0.8 1 20 mS Tgo Bus master has released time 20 30 200 µS Trel Response to low time 75 80 85 µS Treh In response to high time 75 80 85 µS TLOW Signal "0", "1" low time 48 50 55 µS TH0 Signal "0" high time 22 26 30 µS TH1 Signal "1" high time 68 70 75 µS Ten Sensor to release the bus time 45 50 55 µS 7.4 Peripherals read step example Communication between the host and the sensor can read data through the following three steps to complete. Step 1 AM2302 have to wait for the power (on AM2302 power 2S crossed the unstable state, the device can not send any instructions to read during this period), the test environment temperature and humidity data, and record data, since the sensor into a sleep state automatically. AM2302 The SDA data line from the previous pull-up resistor pulled up is always high, the AM2302 the SDA pin is in input state, the time detection of external signal. Note：To ensure the accurate communication of the sensor, the read signal, in strict accordance with the design parameters and timing in Table 6 and Figure 6. Aosong(Guangzhou) Electronics Co.,Ltd. TEL：020-36042809 / 36380552 www.aosong.com - 7 - Step 2 Microprocessor I/O set to output, while output low, and low hold time can not be less than 800us, typical values are down 1MS, then the microprocessor I/O is set to input state, the release of the bus, due to the pull-up resistor, the microprocessor I/O AM2302 the SDA data line also will be high, the bus master has released the AM2302 send a response signal, that is, the output 80 microseconds low as the response signal, tightthen output high of 80 microseconds notice peripheral is ready to receive data signal transmission as shown to Pic7 : Pic7：Single bus decomposition of the timing diagram Step 3 AM2302 sending the response, followed by the data bus SDA continuous serial output 40 data, the microprocessor receives 40 data I/O level changes. Bit data "0" format: 26-28 microseconds 50 microseconds low plus high; Bit data "1" format: the high level of low plus, 50 microseconds to 70 microseconds; Bit data "0" bit data "1" format signal shown to pic 8: Pic 8：The single bus break down the timing diagram AM2302 data bus SDA output 40 data continue to output the low 50 microseconds into the input state, followed by pull-up resistor goes high. AM2302 internal re-test environmental temperature and humidity data, and record the data, the end of the test records, the microcontroller automatically into hibernation. Microcontroller only after receipt of the start signal of the host wake-up sensor, into the working state. 7.5 Peripheral to read flow chart AM2302 sensor read single bus flow chart diagram shown in Figure 9, we also provide the C51 read the code examples, customers need to download, please visit our website (www.aosong.com) related to downloadthis manual does not provide the code description. Aosong(Guangzhou) Electronics Co.,Ltd. TEL：020-36042809 / 36380552 www.aosong.com - 8 - Pic9：Single-bus to read the flow chart 8、Application of information 1. Work and storage conditions Outside the sensor the proposed scope of work may lead to temporary drift of the signal up to 300% RH. Return to normal working conditions, sensor calibration status will slowly toward recovery. To speed up the recovery process may refer to "resume processing". Prolonged use of non-normal operating conditions, will accelerate the aging of the product. Avoid placing the components on the long-term condensation and dry environment, as well as the following environment. A, salt spray B, acidic or oxidizing gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrochloric acid Recommended storage environment Temperature: 10 ~ 40 ℃ Humidity: 60% RH or less 2. The impact of exposure to chemicals The capacitive humidity sensor has a layer by chemical vapor interference, the proliferation of chemicals in the sensing layer may lead to drift and decreased sensitivity of the measured values. In a pure environment, contaminants will slowly be released. Resume processing as described below will accelerate this process. The high concentration of chemical pollution (such as ethanol) will lead to the complete damage of the sensitive layer of the sensor. 3. The temperature influence Relative humidity of the gas to a large extent dependent on temperature. Therefore, in the measurement of humidity, Aosong(Guangzhou) Electronics Co.,Ltd. TEL：020-36042809 / 36380552 www.aosong.com - 9 - should be to ensure that the work of the humidity sensor at the same temperature. With the release of heat of electronic components share a printed circuit board, the installation should be as far as possible the sensor away from the electronic components and mounted below the heat source, while maintaining good ventilation of the enclosure. To reduce the thermal conductivity sensor and printed circuit board copper plating should be the smallest possible, and leaving a gap between the two. 4. Light impact Prolonged exposure to sunlight or strong ultraviolet radiation, and degrade performance. 5. Resume processing Placed under extreme working conditions or chemical vapor sensor, which allows it to return to the status of calibration by the following handler. Maintain two hours in the humidity conditions of 45℃ and <10% RH (dry); followed by 20-30℃ and> 70% RH humidity conditions to maintain more than five hours. 6. Wiring precautions The quality of the signal wire will affect the quality of the voltage output, it is recommended to use high quality shielded cable. 7. Welding information Manual welding, in the maximum temperature of 300℃ under the conditions of contact time shall be less than 3 seconds. 8. Product upgrades Details, please the consultation Aosong electronics department. 9、The license agreement Without the prior written permission of the copyright holder, shall not in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical (including photocopying), copy any part of this manual, nor shall its contents be communicated to a third party. The contents are subject to change without notice. The Company and third parties have ownership of the software, the user may use only signed a contract or software license. 10、Warnings and personal injury This product is not applied to the safety or emergency stop devices, as well as the failure of the product may result in injury to any other application, unless a particular purpose or use authorized. Installation, handling, use or maintenance of the product refer to product data sheets and application notes. Failure to comply with this recommendation may result in death and serious personal injury. The Company will bear all damages resulting personal injury or death, and waive any claims that the resulting subsidiary company managers and employees and agents, distributors, etc. that may arise, including: a variety of costs, compensation costs, attorneys' fees, and so on. Aosong(Guangzhou) Electronics Co.,Ltd. TEL：020-36042809 / 36380552 www.aosong.com - 10 - 11、Quality Assurance The company and its direct purchaser of the product quality guarantee period of three months (from the date of delivery). Publishes the technical specifications of the product data sheet shall prevail. Within the warranty period, the product was confirmed that the quality is really defective, the company will provide free repair or replacement. The user must satisfy the following conditions: ① The product is found defective within 14 days written notice to the Company; ② The product shall be paid by mail back to the company; ③ The product should be within the warranty period. The Company is only responsible for those used in the occasion of the technical condition of the product defective product. Without any guarantee, warranty or written statement of its products used in special applications. Company for its products applied to the reliability of the product or circuit does not make any commitment. ACOM DESARROLLO S.L. Pol Ind Los Palomares 30591 Balsicas – Murcia (ESPAÑA) Tel.: +34 968 33 99 00 Fax: 968 585 770 FICHA TÉCNICA PRODUCTO: Motorreductor RW45-3 Monofásico REFERENCIA: 013M CARACTERÍSTICAS TÉCNICAS 50 Hz 60 Hz Par mecánico (Nm) 90 70 Potencia eléctrica (Kw) 0.09 0.09 Nº fases eléctricas 2 (Monof.) 2 (Monof.) Nº de revoluciones (rpm) 3 3.6 Voltaje (V) 220-240/380-420 220-266/380-460 Tensión (A) 0.76 / 0.44 0.67 / 0.39 L (mm) 250 250 H (mm) 27.5 27.5 Peso (Kg) 17 17 1*Max. Long. de ventana (m) 50 40 2*Max. Sup. de pantalla (m2) 1.000 800 1* Longitud aproximada, considerando v. cenitales ½ arco, en túneles de 8m. 2* Considerar superficie, ancho y largo de invernadero. Consultar dptº técnico. ACOM DESARROLLO S.L. Pol Ind Los Palomares 30591 Balsicas – Murcia (ESPAÑA) Tel.: +34 968 33 99 00 Fax: 968 585 770 CARACTERÍSTICAS CONSTRUCTIVAS - El motorreductor especialmente diseñado para uso en invernaderos, se puede integrar también en cualquier tipo de sistema de transmisión, bien en pantallas térmicas, en ventanas o en cualquier otro sistema que requiera el uso de un motorreductor. - La potencia eléctrica consumida es muy baja en relación al par mecánico de salida y los finales de carrera eléctricos van incorporados al motor. - Bajo pedido dispone de cadenas de acoplamiento, placa de montaje y salida para accionamiento manual (D). DIMENSIONES Anexo 5 - Diagrama de flujo del programa Si Si Deshumidificación HR< h_min ? HR> h_max ? No Humidificación No No Aperturar ventanas (100%) Si Si Nebulización activada INICIO Lectura sensor Configuración inicial: puertos E/S, USART Enviar valor de humedad por puerto serial Modo manual ? Si ‘n’=1 ? ‘v’=1 ? No Nebulización desactivada Cerrar ventanas No Nebulización y ventilación apagadas. deshumi No FIN Apertura ventanas (50%) HR< 75% ? Humidificación Nebulización Si Espera 1 minuto Lectura sensor Cerrar ventanas DPV< 0,5 kPa? Si Nebulización No Enciende electroválvula Lectura sensor Calcular DPV Apagar electroválvula k=4 ?? No FIN Si Espera 15 segundos k++ Apertura ventanas (50%) HR> 85% ? Si Deshumidificación No 3 minutos Lectura sensor Aperturar ventanas (100%) 1 minuto Lectura sensor HR> 85% ? No FIN Cerrar ventanas Si Anexo 6 - Código del programa #include "avr/io.h" #include #include #include #define BAUDRATE 9600 #define VALOR_UBRR (1000000 /BAUDRATE / 16 - 1) #define DHT_DDR DDRD #define DHT_PIN PIND #define DHT_PORT PORTD #define DHT_PINDATA PD4 //salida de datos del sensor uint8_t datos[40]; //almacena los 40 valores enviados por el sensor. uint16_t datos_sensor[2]; //almacena los valores en bytes de humedad y temperatura uint8_t paridad; float humedad=0; float temperatura=0; char str_humedad[30]; //almacena ASCII del valor de humedad para enviar por el puerto serial uint8_t error=0; float DPV=0; float h_max=85.0; //valores referenciales iniciales definidos por el tipo de cultivo elegidos en este proyecto float h_min=75.0; volatile char v_referencias[20]; //almacena los valores de referencia de humedad enviados por la PC volatile uint8_t modo_manual=0; //en caso de que se trabaje en modo manual volatile uint8_t n=0; //encender nebulización volatile uint8_t v=0; //encender ventilación //////////////////////////////////////////////// //Funciones para comunicación serial//////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////// void envio_caracter(uint8_t c){ while(!(UCSRA&(1<>8); UBRRL=VALOR_UBRR; return; } //////////////////////////////////////// //Funciones para el sensor///////////// ////////////////////////////////////// void confg_salida (){ //configura el pin PD4 como salida DHT_DDR|=1<>8)+(datos_sensor[1]>>8)+(datos_sensor[0])+(datos_sen sor[1])); if(suma==paridad)error=0; else error=1; return error; } void lectura_sensor(){ uint8_t k=0; uint8_t l=0; uint8_t h=0; if(DHT_PIN&(1<17)&&(k<21)){ while((DHT_PIN&(1<17)&&(l<21)){ for(uint8_t i=0;i<40;i++){ while(!(DHT_PIN&(1<3)&&(datos[i]<9)) datos[i]=0; else if((datos[i]>15)&&(datos[i]<21))datos[i]=1; } //agrupa los 40 bits en bytes uint8_t j=15; //2 bytes de humedad for(uint8_t i=0;i<16;i++){ if(datos[i]==1) datos_sensor[0]|=(1<h_max){ //apertura ventanas al 100% aperturacompleta_ventanas(); do{ for(uint8_t i=0;i<1;i++)minuto(); // esperar 1 minuto lectura_sensor(); }while(humedad>h_max); cerrar_ventanas(); } cerrar_ventanas(); } //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //Funcion para la recepción de datos enviados por el usuario desde la PC //Obtiene los valores mínimos y máximo definido por el usuario ///////// //trama recibida(mxxx.xMxxx.xT)ejm:m80.0M95.0T ,HRmín=80 y HRmáx=95 //// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// void valores_referencia(){ char v_max[10]; char v_min[10]; uint8_t i=0; uint8_t j=0; uint8_t a=0; uint8_t min=0; uint8_t max=0; do{ if((v_referencias[i]!='M')&&((v_referencias[i]=='m')||(min==1))){ min=1; max=0; if(v_referencias[i]!='m'){v_min[j]=v_referencias[i];j++;} } else if((v_referencias[i]!='m')&&((v_referencias[i]=='M')||(max==1))){ max=1; min=0; if((v_referencias[i]!='M')){v_max[a]=v_referencias[i];a++;} } i++; }while(v_referencias[i]!='T'); v_max[a]=0; v_min[j]=0; h_max=(atoi(v_min)); h_max=(atoi(v_max)); } //////////////////////////////////////////////// //Interrupcion USART//////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////// ISR(USART_RXC_vect){ char valorUDR=0; uint8_t i=0; do{ valorUDR=recibo_caracter(); if(valorUDR=='n'){n=1;modo_manual=1;} else if(valorUDR=='o'){n=0;modo_manual=1;} else if(valorUDR=='v'){v=1;modo_manual=1;} else if(valorUDR=='p'){v=0;modo_manual=1;} else { modo_manual=0; v_referencias[i]=valorUDR; i++; } }while(valorUDR!='T'); } ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /* PROGRAMA PRINCIPAL */ //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// void main(){ //salidas para los motores: PB0 y PB1 ->Motor 1 PB2 y PB3 ->Motor 2 PB4 y PB5 - >Motor 3 DDRB|=(1<Electrovalvula DDRC&=~((1<h_max){//enciende deshumidificacion activar_deshumidificacion(); } else {//apagar ambos sistemas PORTD&=~(1<